What does the term "floc" refer to in water treatment?

Floc refers specifically to the aggregates of coagulant that form during the water treatment process when chemicals are added to the water to remove impurities. These flecks of coagulant are designed to trap suspended particles, making them heavier so they can be removed more easily during subsequent filtration or sedimentation steps. The formation of floc is a critical part of the coagulation and flocculation process, which enhances the clarity and quality of the treated water.

In contrast, raw sediment in the water does not represent the floc itself; it's more about the material that may settle out without the benefit of chemical treatment. Decomposed organic material is a different matter entirely and typically refers to organic waste that may not necessarily play a role in the formation of floc. Lastly, clear water post-treatment indicates the desired outcome of the treatment process, not the floc itself.